Final answer:
The hill country of modern day Israel and Palestine is known as the Levant. The Israelites inhabited this region and established the kingdom of Israel.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hill country of modern day Israel and Palestine is known as the Levant. The Levant refers to the historical geographical term that encompasses the eastern Mediterranean region, including Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria. In biblical times, the Israelites, as described in the Bible, inhabited this region and established the kingdom of Israel.