Final answer:
Some scholars question the originality of John 21 due to its style and content, suggesting it was a later addition to address community concerns. Defenders argue it is a thematic conclusion, relevant to the Johannine community. The debate involves considering textual integrity and the psychological and sociological aspects of ancient text formation.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some reject the originality of John 21 because it appears to have a different style and tone compared to earlier chapters and is seen by some scholars as an addition to the Gospel rather than a part of the original text. It has been proposed that this chapter was appended to address specific concerns of the early Christian community or to provide a conclusion to the Gospel narrative that includes the reinstatement of Peter and the 'Beloved Disciple's' destiny. The authors who defend the originality of John 21 argue that the chapter serves as an intentional theological conclusion, connecting the entire Gospel thematically, and reflecting the Johannine community's understanding of the resurrection and the role of the apostles.
The debate on the originality of John 21 encompasses complex areas including the nature of early Christian writings, variations in sacred texts, and the challenges inherent in interpreting ancient religious documents. The authors defending John 21 rely on theological, historical, and textual analysis to establish the chapter as a rightful component of the Gospel according to John. They stress that such variations are common in ancient texts and do not necessarily undermine their integrity or purpose within the canon.
Critics who are skeptical about the traditional authorship of the Gospel, or the process of canon formation, often cite textual problems and the possibility of human influence, including psychological phenomenon of storytellers embellishing events, as reasons to doubt the authenticity of certain scriptural passages. Consequently, they view chapters like John 21 with skepticism. Meanwhile, defenders emphasize continuity in theological themes and the importance of the chapter in conveying the legitimization of church leadership and the perpetuation of Jesus' teachings.