Final answer:
José Sabogal and Rufino Tamayo were influential artists in Latin American art with Sabogal promoting Peruvian indigenism and Tamayo engaging with Surrealism and Cubism. Guerrero refers to Vicente Guerrero in the context of Mexico's fight for independence, underlining Mexico's complex history.
Step-by-step explanation:
José Sabogal and Rufino Tamayo were pivotal figures in the development of Latin American art, each with their distinct style and influence. Sabogal, a leading proponent of Peruvian art and indigenism, drew inspiration from pre-Columbian cultures and sought to convey the legitimacy of Indigenous cultures through his work. His travels, including his time in Mexico with famed muralists, helped bolster the growth of art in Peru, emphasizing the local culture and features. An exemplar of his work is 'El Recluta,' which captures a confidently poised man with distinct Peruvian traits.
Rufino Tamayo, known for his association with Surrealism and Cubism, shared a similarity with European Surrealists, focusing on the irrational and the personal, as reflected in works like 'Hombre con un Gran Sombrero.' His bold, blocky imagery involved disassembled figures and vibrant colors that challenged traditional perspectives and invited viewers to explore the subconscious.
The mention of Guerrero in the context of Agustín de Iturbide's revolution against Spanish rule relates to the historical alliance between Iturbide and revolutionary leader Vicente Guerrero, who brought together military force and popular support for Mexican independence under the Plan de Iguala, which led to Mexico's autonomy from Spain. This alliance is a testament to the complex socio-political history of Mexico and the fight for equality and freedom.