Final answer:
The NLRA protects the non-supervisory employee workforce, both union and non-union, and prohibits discrimination against union members. Supervisors, who have authority over employees, are excluded from NLRA protections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The population of the employee workforce that is protected under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) consists of non-supervisory employees, both union and non-union.
The NLRA establishes procedures for establishing a union that firms are obligated to follow and sets up the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) for deciding disputes. It protects the rights of workers to join unions, collectively negotiate wages and terms of employment, and prohibits discrimination against union members. However, supervisors, those who have the authority to hire, fire, promote, or discipline employees, are excluded from the protections of the NLRA.