Final answer:
DMT1 is more likely than DMT2 to cause neuroinjury due to its ability to transport toxins, and there is a positive correlation between DAT expression and neuroinjury. DA is stored in vesicles by VMAT and inactivated by MAO-A to regulate its levels.
Step-by-step explanation:
DMT1 and DMT2 are transporters that are involved in the uptake of dopamine (DA) by neurons. DMT1 is more likely than DMT2 to cause neuroinjury because it has the ability to transport toxins, which can be potentially dangerous to the neuron. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the levels of DAT expression and neuroinjury.
DA is stored in vesicles by the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) and if left free in the cytoplasm, it can be rapidly inactivated by the mitochondrial enzyme MAO-A, which also produces H₂O₂. This process helps regulate the levels of DA in the neuron.