Final answer:
In behavior modification, an exclusionary time-out involves removing the child from the environment where the misbehavior occurred, while a non-exclusionary time-out allows the child to remain in the same setting but without participating in the desirable activity.
Step-by-step explanation:
Distinguishing Between Exclusionary and Non-Exclusionary Time Out
When we talk about behavior modification techniques for children, time-out is often mentioned as a method of negative punishment. It involves temporarily removing a child from a desirable activity to decrease unwanted behavior. Referring to the scenarios outlined, when a child behaves inappropriately, such as pushing a friend or throwing blocks at a sibling, they are placed in time-out as a consequence.
An exclusionary time-out involves physically removing a child from the environment where the undesired behavior occurred. This could be taking the child out of the playground or a playroom and placing them in a different, less stimulating setting where they can't engage with the original activity or their peers until the time-out period has ended.
On the other hand, a non-exclusionary time-out may involve the child remaining in the room or area of the misbehavior but being withdrawn from participation in the desirable activity. They may be asked to sit on the sidelines and watch without participating, therefore, they are still within the environment but not actively engaged.
While both types of time-out serve as negative punishment by temporary removal from an activity, the key distinction lies in whether the child is removed from the environment (exclusionary) or remains within the environment but is not allowed to participate (non-exclusionary).