Final answer:
The three major components of an ecosystem are producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers make their own food, consumers obtain energy by consuming other living things, and decomposers break down dead organisms and organic wastes to release inorganic molecules back into the environment.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three major components of an ecosystem are producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers, also known as autotrophs, are organisms that produce their own food using energy and inorganic molecules. Consumers, also known as heterotrophs, obtain energy by consuming other living things. Decomposers break down dead organisms and organic wastes, releasing inorganic molecules back into the environment. Examples of decomposers include fungi and bacteria.