Final answer:
Spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition where a bleb on the lung ruptures without trauma, leading to a collapsed lung, chest pain, and shortness of breath. It is related to abnormalities in connective tissue.
Step-by-step explanation:
A sudden rupture of a bleb on the lung, not caused by trauma, which causes chest pain and shortness of breath (SOB) is known as a spontaneous pneumothorax. This condition is a form of collapsed lung and is believed to be related to subtle abnormalities in connective tissue. Unlike conditions like emphysema, which is usually caused by smoking and results in the breakdown of alveoli walls leading to less gas exchange in the lungs, spontaneous pneumothorax can occur without direct cause from habits like smoking. It is characterized by leaked air into the space between the lung and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse, which leads to chest pain and difficulty breathing.