Final answer:
The Third Macedonian War between Rome and Macedon ended in a decisive Roman victory at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BCE. Rome dissolved the Macedonian monarchy, established control over the region through puppet governments, and later crushed revolts to ensure its dominance in the Mediterranean.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Third Macedonian War
The Third Macedonian War (171-168 BCE) was a significant conflict between Rome and Macedon. It came to a head when Perseus, the son of Philip V and then-King of Macedon, began to assert Macedonian sovereignty and form alliances that the Romans viewed as threatening. Rome, already wary of Macedon's historic attempts to control Greece and their alliance with Rome's enemy Carthage, responded by sending an army to the region. Macedon was subsequently defeated at the pivotal Battle of Pydna in 168 BCE. Afterwards, Rome dissolved the Macedonian monarchy, erected puppet republics, and imposed its control over the Greek states.
Roman dominance in the region would be further cemented in the years to follow, especially after the revolts in 150 and 146 BCE by the Greeks against Roman domination. After putting down these rebellions, notably destroying Corinth and reasserting their dominance, Rome had effectively quashed any significant resistance, marking the end of Greek independence and the beginning of Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean.