Final answer:
The history of science as an organized and cohesive discipline can be traced back to the Scientific Revolution in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, with the establishment of scientific societies and institutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The history of science as an organized and cohesive discipline can be traced back to the Scientific Revolution in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. This period saw significant advancements in scientific thought and methodology, as well as the establishment of various scientific societies and institutions, such as the Royal Society of London. These developments laid the foundation for the systematic study and exploration of the natural world, marking the emergence of science as a distinct field of inquiry.