Final answer:
Acid-catalyzed dehydration in the laboratory is a procedure that converts alcohols into alkenes. It involves the removal of a water molecule from the alcohol molecule using a strong acid catalyst, such as concentrated sulfuric acid. A carbocation is formed during the reaction, leading to the formation of an alkene.
Step-by-step explanation:
Acid-catalyzed dehydration is a laboratory procedure used to convert alcohols into alkenes. The reaction involves the removal of a water molecule from the alcohol molecule. In the presence of a strong acid catalyst, such as concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4), the OH group of the alcohol is protonated, forming a good leaving group. The neighboring carbon atom donates its electron pair to the protonated oxygen, forming a carbocation. Finally, a water molecule is eliminated, resulting in the formation of an alkene.