Final answer:
Integration on an H-NMR spectra provides the relative number of protons in varying environments within a molecule, which is vital for identifying different species in a sample.
Step-by-step explanation:
Integration on an H-NMR spectra reveals information about the number of protons in a given chemical environment within a molecule. When protons (chemical shift > 5 ppm) are carefully integrated, the area under the peaks in the NMR spectrum corresponds to the relative number of protons causing those signals. This allows chemists to deduce the relative number of protons in different structural environments, helping to determine the species distribution at different concentrations based on the relative intensities of the resonances of their aromatic and anomeric protons. The integral values are typically represented as a series of steps or curves above the spectrum, with the height of each step proportional to the number of protons associated with that signal.