Final answer:
The proof and refutation procedures form a decision procedure that reflects the process of logically determining the truth or falsity of an argument, similar to how the U.S. Supreme Court decides on cases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The proof and refutation procedures, when combined, serve as a decision procedure because they aim to establish the validity of an argument by ensuring that the conclusions follow logically from the premises. This process is akin to the workings of the legal system, particularly at the level of the U.S. Supreme Court, where the court decides the remedy and resolution of a case. Deductive reasoning is crucial in this context because it provides a guarantee of truth when the argument is structured correctly. For example, if a court were to employ deductive reasoning in a case, it might state that all individuals have a right to free speech (premise 1), the defendant is an individual (premise 2), and therefore the defendant has a right to free speech (conclusion).