Final answer:
Secondary data refers to information gathered from existing sources, such as publications, records, and previously conducted studies. It is a form of nonreactive research that does not involve direct contact with subjects and is used widely in secondary data analysis. Examples include books, articles, and organizational reports.
Step-by-step explanation:
Data gathered through existing sources are indeed called secondary data. This type of data is derived from the completed work of other researchers or from information collected by various agencies or organizations. Secondary data includes a wide range of materials such as books, articles, newspapers, and periodicals, as well as data collected by historical figures or different organizations. It is any data that does not come from firsthand research but rather relies on the work of others.
One of the main benefits of secondary data is that it represents nonreactive research, which means it does not involve direct contact with subjects and therefore will not alter or influence their behaviors. This is in contrast with primary data, which involves the direct collection of data from subjects. Sociologists and other social scientists often utilize secondary data for its convenience and for adding depth to their research without the expensive and time-consuming process of collecting new primary data.
Common examples of secondary data sources include publications like the WHO statistics, historical books, and cinematic records such as old movies. Researchers might also employ content analysis to systematically evaluate secondary data relevant to their specific study. Therefore, the proper identification and use of these types of data are crucial for researchers conducting secondary data analysis.