Question

what are the 4 fundamental observations and their inference: 1. almost all galaxies are _____ 2. most distant galaxies exhibit_____ 3. hubble constant 4. CMB

Answer 1

Observations that are fundamental to cosmological theories include the expansion of the universe as evidenced by most galaxies moving away from us, the significant redshift in distant galaxies, the calculation of the Hubble Constant, and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB).

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to observations about the universe that have shaped our understanding of cosmology. These include:

1. Galaxy Movement: Almost all galaxies are observed to be moving away from us, implying that the universe is expanding.
2. Redshift: The most distant galaxies exhibit a more significant redshift, which means they are moving away faster, further supporting the universe's expansion.
3. Hubble Constant: This value is key to determining the rate of expansion of the universe and is instrumental in calculating the distances to faraway galaxies.
4. Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): The CMB provides evidence of the early universe just after the Big Bang and carries information on the cosmos' origins.

The expansion of the universe, indicated by the redshift in distant galaxies and Hubble's law, along with observations of the CMB, are fundamental pillars in cosmological research.