Final answer:
The emergence of a new interdependent global economic system was driven by advancements in transportation and communication, integrated trade policies, military dominance, and a changing international dynamic between nations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The emergence of an interdependent global economic system can largely be attributed to several key factors. Advances in transportation and communication systems facilitated greater connectivity between continents, allowing for the efficient exchange of goods and ideas. Railroads, steamships, and eventually the invention of the telegraph and Internet reduced the time and cost involved in trade, ushering in an era of improved global transactions. The implementation of integrated trade policies, such as those promoting free trade and lowering trade barriers, further enabled countries to participate in the global market and experience economic growth.
The distribution of power and dominance by certain nations also played a role, as advanced armaments and military dominance allowed them to control trade routes and colonial territories. This was exemplified by Europe's expansive colonial reach in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Medical advances and significant raw industrial power also granted these powerful countries a competitive advantage in global affairs. The resultant inequalities between the powerful and less powerful countries shaped the global economic landscape.
A new international order emerged by the end of the century, defining the contours of the 20th-century world. Global economic issues such as climate change, deforestation, and financial crises further reinforced the necessity for international cooperation, with many problems requiring a collective global response. In summary, technology, policy, military might, and a changing international dynamic between nations were central to the birth of a new, intricately connected global economy.