Final answer:
The subject matter of Johannes Vermeer's 'Woman Holding a Balance' encompasses both a woman holding a balance in the foreground and a painting of the Last Judgment in the background.
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject matter of the painting 'Woman Holding a Balance' by Johannes Vermeer is indeed multifaceted. The primary focus is on option D: Both A and C, which includes A) A wealthy young woman holding a balance and looking at jewelry, and C) A painting of the Last Judgment in the background.
While the woman and the balance are the central elements in the foreground, the painting in the background adds a layer of complexity and symbolism to the composition. Vermeer's skillful use of light emphasizes the delicate balance the woman holds, and by highlighting this juxtaposition with the Last Judgment painting, he infuses the scene with potential moral interpretations.