Final answer:
Chronic injuries such as tendinitis result from repetitive movement and overuse of joints, leading to inflammation and sometimes requiring surgical repair. Resistance training done improperly can cause overuse injuries as well, and adequate rest and recovery are vital to prevent such conditions. Symptoms like extreme fatigue and muscle cramping may indicate overexertion and the need for medical evaluation.
Step-by-step explanation:
An example of an overuse or chronic injury, which is a risk associated with exercise and physical activity, is tendinitis. This condition is commonly seen in individuals who engage in repetitive movements, such as tennis players with tennis elbow or swimmers with swimmer's shoulder. Tendinitis results from overuse of a joint, leading to microtrauma and an inflammatory response. If not addressed with rest and proper recovery, severe cases can lead to a tendon tear, requiring painful surgical repair due to the slow healing nature of tendon connective tissue, which has a limited blood supply. Additionally, overexertion without prior conditioning, such as among new military recruits, can cause significant muscle damage, underscoring the importance of proper rest and progression in physical training.
Furthermore, improper resistance training can lead to overuse injuries affecting muscles, tendons, and bones, especially if the load is too heavy or there is insufficient recovery time between workouts. Incorrect joint alignment during exercises can exacerbate the risk of injury. Cellular damage to muscle fibers after intense exercise contributes to soreness and can also result in tendon and skeletal damage if the load exceeds the muscle's capacity.
To prevent overuse injuries, it is crucial to allow for adequate rest and recovery and to engage in different activities that can help rest specific muscles and joints. For individuals like the case study subject Jasmin, experiencing symptoms such as extreme fatigue and muscle cramping after exercise, it is important to recognize these as potential signs of overexertion and seek medical advice to avoid chronic injury.