Final answer:
There are three main ways to screen for breast cancer: mammograms, which are X-ray exams recommended for women 50 and older; genetic testing for high-risk genes, especially in those with a family history of cancer; and physical examinations, including self-exams and clinical exams by healthcare providers.
Step-by-step explanation:
Three Ways to Screen for Breast Cancer
Breast cancer screening is critical for early detection and treatment. There are three main ways that an individual may get screened for breast cancer:
Mammogram: This is a type of medical imaging that uses low-energy X-rays to examine the human breast. It is a common screening method for breast cancer, particularly recommended for women aged 50 and older.
Genetic Testing: Testing for mutations in genes, such as the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, which are linked to an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Individuals with a family history of cancer may opt for more frequent screenings.
Physical Examination: Self-exams or clinical examinations by healthcare providers can help detect any unusual changes in breast tissue.
While there are clear benefits to early detection, such as the potential for cure, routine cancer screening also carries risks, including false positives and the potential harms of invasive tests or procedures.
Additionally, criteria for screening may include factors like a personal or family history of cancer, or a diagnosis of cancer at an unusually young age. Healthcare providers usually tailor screening recommendations based on an individual's risk factors.
Finally, girls should start practicing monthly self-exams as part of their health routine, helping them to know what is normal for their bodies and enabling early detection even at a young age.