Final answer:
A hypothesis is a proposed solution to a scientific question, based on scientific knowledge, logical reasoning, and must be testable and falsifiable. It often takes the form of a prediction that can experimentally be supported or refuted.
Step-by-step explanation:
What is Hypothesis Based On?
A hypothesis is a possible answer to a scientific question, which must adhere to several key criteria. It should be grounded in existing scientific knowledge, logical, and should remain as simple as possible to facilitate testing. Notably, a hypothesis requires the capabilities of being testable and falsifiable; it should allow for experiments or observations that could support or contradict the proposed explanation. This is often articulated as a prediction in the format: 'If A, then B will happen to the dependent variable.' The historical example involving Fleming's work with mold and bacteria illustrates a hypothesis that meets these criteria; it is based on observations, is simple, and could be proven false under certain conditions.