Final answer:
Causative organisms in the CSF are detected using biochemical analysis and microbiological methods such as lumbar puncture, CSF culture, and PCR assays. These techniques can indicate the presence of infections and identify specific pathogens involved.
Step-by-step explanation:
Causative organisms in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be detected through biochemistry analysis and microbiological techniques. Initially, CSF obtained by lumbar puncture is examined for cell count, protein, and glucose levels, which can indicate the presence of an infection such as meningitis. A CSF culture may reveal the specific microorganism responsible for the infection. Other diagnostic methods include Gram staining to differentiate gram-positive from gram-negative bacteria, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) assays for genetic markers of certain pathogens like Borrelia burgdorferi or Toxoplasma gondii. Additional biochemical markers such as beta-2 transferrin and 14-3-3 protein can indicate CSF leakage or a neurodegenerative condition, respectively.