Final answer:
Charles II gave New Netherland to his brother, who later became King James II of England. The colony was divided into New York, named after the Duke of York, and New Jersey, in honor of Sir George Carteret.
Step-by-step explanation:
Charles II gave the colony of New Netherland, which included present-day New York and New Jersey, to his brother James, the Duke of York, who later became King James II of England. This was during the period of the Anglo-Dutch Wars when England sought to increase its commercial prospects and consolidate power by taking control of Dutch territories in the New World. New York was named in honor of the Duke of York, and New Jersey was named to honor Sir George Carteret's defense of Jersey Island during the English Civil War.