Final answer:
Andrew Carnegie's family rose from poverty as Carnegie worked his way up from a bobbin boy to a managerial position within the Pennsylvania Railroad and made savvy investments to build his wealth. He then used his fortune to become a steel magnate and philanthropist, contributing to society through the funding of public amenities and institutions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Andrew Carnegie's family escaped poverty through a series of strategic movements and career advancements that Andrew Carnegie made after immigrating to the United States with his family. Beginning as a bobbin boy at age thirteen, Carnegie's work ethic and ambition led him to becoming a telegram messenger boy. His proximity to influential figures while working as a messenger allowed him to foster interests in railroads, bridge building, and ultimately the steel industry.
Carnegie ingratiated himself with Tom Scott, who was a supervisor and later president of the Pennsylvania Railroad. By actively engaging in his work and making smart investments, such as in the booming oil fields of northwest Pennsylvania, Carnegie earned significant capital. This financial success enabled him to invest in and revolutionize the steel industry, earning a great fortune and consequently lifting his family out of poverty.
Later in life, Carnegie embraced philanthropy and authored 'The Gospel of Wealth,' where he articulated his belief that the wealthy have a moral obligation to enrich society. He did so through the donation of millions to public libraries, scientific research, and leaving behind ninety percent of his fortune for charitable causes upon his death.