Final answer:
The primary focus of causal research is to determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables, while exploratory research aims to explore a topic in-depth and generate new ideas for further research.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary focus of causal research is to determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables. It seeks to answer questions such as 'What causes X to happen?' or 'What effect does X have on Y?'. Causal research involves conducting experiments or observational studies to manipulate or observe variables in order to establish a causal relationship.
On the other hand, exploratory research aims to explore a topic or issue in-depth, without seeking to establish cause-and-effect relationships. It is often used when there is limited existing knowledge about a subject and aims to generate new ideas or hypotheses for further research. Exploratory research methods include focus groups, interviews, and surveys to gather qualitative data.
In summary, causal research focuses on establishing cause-and-effect relationships between variables, while exploratory research aims to explore a topic in-depth and generate new ideas for further research.