Final answer:
The activation of a T helper cell involves the binding of a helper T cell to an APC presenting an antigen on an MHC class II molecule, followed by the release of cytokines and proliferation of the activated helper T cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
- An antigen-presenting cell (APC) engulfs the antigen and presents it on an MHC class II molecule.
- A CD4+ helper T cell binds to the MHC II-antigen complex on the APC.
- The helper T cell releases cytokines, such as IL-2, which activate the helper T cell.
- Once activated, the helper T cell proliferates, dividing into clonal naïve helper T cells that differentiate into subtypes with different functions.