Final answer:
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Labor, is responsible for inspecting employers, applying the standards, and levying fines according to the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
Step-by-step explanation:
The responsibility for inspecting employers, applying the standards, and levying fines as part of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH Act) is assigned to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. OSHA's mission includes ensuring safe and healthful working conditions for men and women by setting and enforcing standards, as well as offering training, outreach, education, and assistance to promote workplace safety.
OSHA is empowered to enforce compliance through inspections and can issue fines for regulatory violations. These inspections are prioritized for hazardous industries and can also occur due to workplace incidents, employee complaints, or referrals.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is e. Department of Labor, as OSHA operates under its jurisdiction and is responsible for the enforcement of health and safety regulations in the workplace.