Final answer:
Free-market capitalism believes that market competition between self-interested agents will lead to the best outcomes for employers and employees.
Step-by-step explanation:
The school of thought that believes market competition between self-interested agents will derive the best outcomes for both employers and their employees is known as free-market capitalism. In this economic system, businesses are driven by self-interest and competition, which is believed to lead to efficiency, innovation, and the optimal allocation of resources. One of the key proponents of this school of thought is economist Adam Smith, who referred to the concept of self-interest and market competition as the 'invisible hand.'