Final answer:
The underlined statement in the essay outline serves as the conclusion, emphasizing that the primary role of government is to provide protection to its citizens through the military and other agencies, aligning with the foundational philosophy of government and its responsibilities as highlighted by David Hume and in the preamble of the Constitution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The outlined statement, "Government's main role is to provide protection via the military and other agencies", functions as the conclusion of the argumentative essay. Throughout the essay, the role of the government is debated, with emphasis on its responsibility to protect citizens from threats both foreign and domestic. This statement summarizes the central argument that, despite differing opinions about various government roles, protection through the military and agencies such as the police is fundamental. This encompasses the government's purview to ensure national security, uphold public order, and provide for the general welfare of its citizens by delivering essential public goods and maintaining sovereignty.
Historical contexts such as the governments' response to the September 11, 2001 attacks underscore the national government's responsibility to protect against foreign invasions and domestic conflicts. This encapsulates the overarching mission of the government as a protector and provider for its citizens, aligning with the founders' intentions as expressed in the preamble of the Constitution. These functions of government align with the principles defined by philosophers such as David Hume and are evident in various government policies that affect citizens' everyday lives.