Question

Voltage Indicator Circuit: 30 Marks Voltage level indicators depict visually how much voltage is coming from a source. Voltage level indicators have many applications. For example, since batteries lose voltage over time, an indicator circuit is helpful for showing if a battery's voltage has decreased too much from its intended value. Voltage levels are very important, especially regarding batteries, for example in cars and phones. If the voltage level is too low, this can create major problems and device might malfunction or not work at all. So, a clear voltage indicator is essential for the operation of these battery powered devices

This circuit will use a network of voltage dividers, op-amp comparators and LED circuits. The number of LEDs should indicate if the battery power is 100% or 75% or 50% or 25% depending how much voltage is provided by a source under test. You will design this circuit and simulate using a suitable software (eg. Multisim), where you will use it to indicate the voltage level of a variable power supply.

You must start by designing a voltage divider circuit. Your report must explain the circuit using necessary equations, diagrams, and simulation screenshots.

Answer 1

The question involves designing a voltage level indicator circuit using voltage dividers and op-amp comparators to display a battery's charge level with LEDs. Knowledge of voltmeters, Ohm's law, and Kirchhoff's rules are essential in the design and simulation of the circuit. The student will create a report with equations, diagrams, and software simulation screenshots.

Step-by-step explanation:

The student's question pertains to the design and simulation of a voltage level indicator circuit using voltage dividers, op-amp comparators, and LED circuits. The circuit is intended to show the charge level of a battery as different percentages of the full charge by lighting up a corresponding number of LEDs. To measure the potential difference in the circuit, voltmeters are used and connected in parallel with the circuit components they are measuring. Furthermore, the design leans on applying principles such as Ohm's law and Kirchhoff's rules for analyzing the circuit.

Battery testers offer a practical application for these concepts. They use load resistors to draw current and determine the terminal voltage of the battery. A drop in terminal voltage below an acceptable level indicates a high internal resistance, suggesting that the battery is weak.

Constructing voltage level indicator circuits

To construct such circuits, one can use simulation software like Multisim. The report for this project would include the necessary equations, diagrams, and simulation screenshots. Additionally, to ensure clear visualization, standard schematic representations of the circuit elements would be used.