Final answer:
Productivity measures how efficiently products are produced and is often measured as output per unit of input. The production function, Q = f[NR, L, K, t, E], mathematically represents the relationship between inputs and output, with productivity improvements indicated by shifts in this function.
Step-by-step explanation:
Productivity can be defined as the efficiency with which a product is produced, which is often measured by the output per unit of input. In the context provided, where the productivity of countries is expressed in terms of how many workers it takes to produce a unit of a product, we would look at the inverse of the number of workers. However, in a more general mathematical equation form, productivity is often expressed using a production function. The production function equation is:
Q = f[NR, L, K, t, E]
In this equation, Q represents the quantity of output and f[] indicates that output is a function of several inputs:
- NR - Natural Resources
- L - Labor
- K - Capital
- t - Technology
- E - Entrepreneurship
Productivity improvements can be visualized through shifts in this production function, indicating a greater output with constant input levels.