Final answer:
The resting membrane potential is a result of different concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell. It is a negative charge of approximately -70mV that allows cells to respond to signals. This is maintained by the cell membrane being more permeable to potassium ion movement than sodium ion movement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The resting membrane potential is a result of different concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell. It is a dynamic process that is balanced by ion leakage and ion pumping. The resting membrane potential is a negative charge, typically around -70mV, which is maintained by the cell membrane being more permeable to potassium ion movement than sodium ion movement. This difference in voltage is what allows cells, such as neurons and muscle cells, to respond to chemical and electrical signals.