Question

Mechanisms that exist to detect and deal with errors in mRNA in order to ensure the accurate transfer of genetic information are collectively referred to as

A) mRNA surveillance
B) Proofreading function
C) RNA interference
D) Alternative processing
E) RNA transition

Answer 1

Mechanisms that detect and correct errors in mRNA, known as mRNA surveillance, involve various pathways to identify and degrade aberrant mRNA. This ensures the integrity of genetic information translation and prevents potential dysfunctions resulting from incorrect protein synthesis.

Step-by-step explanation:

The mechanisms that detect and address errors in mRNA to ensure the accurate transfer of genetic information are collectively referred to as mRNA surveillance. The options provided in the question, such as RNA interference (RNAi), mainly describe different processes in post-transcriptional regulation. For instance, RNA interference is a regulatory mechanism where miRNA molecules prevent mRNA from guiding protein synthesis. However, mRNA surveillance specifically focuses on the detection and correction of errors in mRNA to maintain the fidelity of gene expression, differentiating it from alternative splicing, proofreading function, or RNA transition.

The process includes different pathways that identify and degrade abnormal mRNA molecules that may contain premature stop codons or lack proper splice sites. By ensuring only correct and fully processed mRNAs are translated into proteins, this mechanism preserves the integrity of the genetic code and protects the organism from potential dysfunctions or diseases caused by faulty protein synthesis.