Question

Microvilli are present on cells that, because of their function, benefit from an increased membrane surface area. Which structure(s) on a neuron provide a comparable benefit?

A) cell body
B) dendrites
C) axon
D) varicosities
E) collaterals

Answer 1

Microvilli increase the surface area of cells for absorption, and dendrites serve a similar function in neurons by increasing the surface area for receiving synaptic signals.

Step-by-step explanation:

Microvilli are special structures on cells that increase the surface area of the plasma membrane, which is crucial for functions like absorption. Similarly, neurons have structures that enhance their ability to communicate with other neurons.

Dendrites are tree-like extensions from the neuron's cell body (soma) that, along with dendritic spines, increase the surface area for receiving signals from other neurons at synapses. Thus, in the context of neurons, the structures that provide a comparable benefit to microvilli by increasing the surface area for neuronal communication are B) dendrites.