Final answer:
Ribosomes are the primary sites for protein synthesis within a cell. Therefore,the correct Option is Option b. ribosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Translation is the process in which the information encoded in mRNA is used to synthesize a corresponding protein. This crucial cellular function is carried out by ribosomes, a complex molecular machine composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. Ribosomes facilitate the assembly of amino acids into polypeptide chains according to the sequence specified by the mRNA. During translation initiation, the small and large subunits of ribosomes come together on the mRNA, and as the ribosome moves along the mRNA, transfer RNAs (tRNAs) bring in amino acids that are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
The ribosome acts as a catalyst, coordinating the interactions between mRNA and tRNA to ensure accurate and efficient protein synthesis. Ribosomes contain three binding sites for tRNA: the A site, P site, and E site, each playing a specific role in the elongation of the polypeptide chain. The process continues until a stop codon is reached, signaling the termination of translation.
In summary, ribosomes, with their intricate structure and precise coordination of molecular components, are the enzyme complex responsible for translation in the cell, playing a fundamental role in protein synthesis.
Therefore,the correct Option is Option b. ribosomes.