Final answer:
The formation of a commonwealth changes the pursuit of justice from individual to collective responsibility, introducing legislative and executive powers in a society ensuring communal benefit and protecting individual rights, including the right to dissent against tyranny.
Step-by-step explanation:
The creation of a commonwealth alters the process of seeking justice by shifting the role from individual self-governance to a community-based legal system. According to John Locke, in a state of nature, individuals have natural liberty, but by forming a society, we gain civil liberty, which includes the protection of property and ourselves. The legislative power within the civil society is meant to regulate laws with the entire commonwealth in mind, prioritizing the community's interests over individuals.
Conversely, the executive power executes these laws, ensuring they align with the community's objectives without personal interference. If the government becomes tyrannical, Locke argues that the people have the right to dissolve it and establish a new system that safeguards their interests.
Similarly, distributive justice is concerned with how goods and services are distributed within a society. The principles underlying this ensure that regardless of individual contributions, the welfare of those unable to fend for themselves is considered. Moving into civil society to protect property and individual rights also means accepting the collective decisions made by this society on matters like taxation and public welfare. Thus, justice within a commonwealth is multifaceted and takes into account the individual's needs and the greater good of society.