Final answer:
A loose alliance of groups each serving their own interests while working together is known as a coalition.
Step-by-step explanation:
A loose alliance of groups in which each member is working for its own benefit is known as a coalition. Coalitions often consist of multiple interest groups, sometimes including special-interest groups, that join forces temporarily or long-term to achieve a common goal. This collaboration may involve groups with opposing views if their ultimate objective aligns. For instance, special-interest groups with large stakes in policy outcomes extensively dedicate time to lobbying efforts, potentially aligning with diverse interests to enhance political influence.