Question

How are chloroplasts similar to mitochondria?

O Their DNA is also inherited only from the mother.
O They absorb sunlight to fuel the process of photosynthesis.
O They have an inner and outer membrane with many folds inside.
O They are both found in animal cells.

Answer 1

Chloroplasts and mitochondria are both double-membraned organelles with their own DNA and ribosomes, involved in ATP production, and divide similarly to bacteria. The main function of chloroplasts, photosynthesis, differs from the function of mitochondria, which is cellular respiration.

Step-by-step explanation:

Chloroplasts and mitochondria have several similarities. Both organelles have their own DNA, which is similar to the circular DNA of bacteria, and they have their own ribosomes. Like mitochondria, chloroplasts are surrounded by a double membrane, comprising an outer and an inner membrane, which is an important structural similarity. Additionally, both chloroplasts and mitochondria are involved in ATP production, although through different processes – mitochondria through cellular respiration and chloroplasts through photosynthesis. Another similarity is their method of division, which is akin to bacterial binary fission. However, chloroplasts also contain accessory pigments and are involved in photosynthesis, a process that uses light energy to synthesize glucose, a capability that mitochondria do not have. Lastly, it's important to note that while mitochondria are found in almost all eukaryotic cells, chloroplasts are specific to plant cells and some algae.