Final answer:
Enamel loss in teeth is most often associated with Bulimia nervosa, which involves recurrent binge eating followed by purging that can result in stomach acid eroding the enamel.
Step-by-step explanation:
The eating disorder most often associated with enamel loss is Bulimia nervosa. This disorder is characterized by individuals who recurrently binge on large amounts of food and then purge the food from their body through vomiting, using laxatives, exercising excessively, or other methods. The act of vomiting frequently can lead to acid from the stomach eroding the enamel of the teeth, which can be a sign that dental professionals look for when diagnosing Bulimia nervosa.
It is important to note, however, that enamel loss might have other causes besides eating disorders, such as acid reflux or dietary habits high in acidic foods and beverages. Thus, while Bulimia nervosa is a possible explanation, it is part of a wider differential diagnosis that the healthcare provider will consider.