Final answer:
The Sun is approximately 150 million kilometers away from Earth, a distance also known as one astronomical unit (AU). By multiplying the speed of light with the time it takes light to travel from the Sun to the Earth, we find that the Sun is about 152.66 million kilometers away.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Sun is 150 million kilometers away from Earth. This distance is termed as an astronomical unit (AU), a common measure of distance in astronomy. Since light travels at a speed of approximately 299,338 kilometers per second, it takes light about 8.50 minutes to travel from the Sun to Earth. By converting minutes into seconds (8.50 minutes is equivalent to 510 seconds) and then multiplying by the speed of light, we get the distance light travels in that time which is equal to the distance of the Sun from Earth.
Thus, the calculation is as follows: Distance (in kilometers) = Speed of light (in kilometers/second) × Time (in seconds) = 299,338 km/s × 510 s = 152,662,380 km. Therefore, the distance from the Sun to Earth is approximately 152.66 million kilometers, which aligns with the given value of 150 million kilometers as an average approximation.