Final answer:
A system in physics is an object or collection of objects treated as a single entity, and components are individual parts of this system. In optics, overall magnification is the product of magnifications of all components. Systems are influenced by interactions and governed by conservation laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of physics, a system can be defined as an object or a collection of objects that are considered as a whole, where the objects are treated as having no internal structure (Essential Knowledge 5.A.1). When it comes to overall magnification in optical systems, it is determined by multiplying the individual magnifications of a system's components. Those systems can be viewed in different contexts, such as a mechanical system (a set of objects whose motion you are analyzing) or a thermodynamic system (which is macroscopic and consists of a large number of molecules). Components are distinct parts or elements of these larger systems, and when combined, they can affect the system's behavior or properties, such as magnification in a group of lenses.
Additionally, it's important to understand that in a system, interactions based on conservation laws determine changes occurring within the system. Such laws explain if quantities are conserved or change due to transfer to or from another system. In an electrical context, parallel combination components refer to elements in a circuit that share common points at both ends, affecting how the overall circuit functions.