Final answer:
Electronic surveillance is the use of electronic devices to monitor a person's activities and location, encompassing technologies like security cameras and GPS trackers for various purposes from safety to control.
Step-by-step explanation:
Electronic surveillance refers to the use of electronic devices by individuals or institutions, such as governments or corporations, to monitor and record the activities and location of persons. It includes the observation and collection of information in real-time or through recording devices, often without the knowledge or consent of the subject being monitored. Surveillance can involve various technologies, like security cameras or GPS tracking, and can be utilized for different reasons ranging from safety, crime prevention to more oppressive purposes like controlling and monitoring citizens in authoritarian countries.
Technological advancements have significantly increased the capabilities and reach of electronic surveillance, leading to invaluable applications in law enforcement and traffic management, but they also raise important questions pertaining to privacy, civil liberties, and ethical use of these technologies. Surveillance tools can be used wisely to benefit society but also necessitate vigilant scrutiny to prevent abuses and unwarranted invasions of privacy. Therefore, the answer to the student's question is c) both activities and location.