Final answer:
The gang that formed as an opposition to the Crips is the Bloods, primarily composed of African American males and operational in various U.S. cities and prisons.
Step-by-step explanation:
The prison gang that formed in opposition to the Crips and is primarily made up of African American males is the Bloods. The Bloods operate in various cities and state prison systems throughout the United States. This gang is known for its rivalry with the Crips, and members often identify themselves with red attire, which symbolizes their affiliation. Both gangs have been the subject of studies on gang culture and the social dynamics within the US prison systems and urban areas.
Graffiti is often utilized by gangs like the Bloods and Crips to mark territory or to challenge opposing groups. This is evident in many urban areas, including East Los Angeles, as depicted in Figure 7-1, where competing gangs have left visible marks on city structures to assert control over specific regions.