Final answer:
Three types of logical fallacies are ad hominem, bait and switch, and bandwagon, each involving either attacking the arguer, misleadingly changing the terms of an agreement, or appealing to the popularity of a belief or action to justify it.
Step-by-step explanation:
Types of Logical Fallacies
Listed below are three types of logical fallacies, with an example provided for each:
Ad Hominem: This logical fallacy involves attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument itself. Example: "You cannot trust John's opinion on environmental issues because he's not a scientist."
Bait and Switch: This fallacy occurs when a proposition is introduced and agreed upon, and then the terms are changed without proper acknowledgment. Example: A politician may say, "Vote for me and I'll ensure your taxes are reduced," but after being elected, they propose a more complex tax plan that doesn't necessarily reduce taxes across the board.
Bandwagon: This fallacy exploits the desire to belong by suggesting that because a lot of people believe something or do something, it must be true or correct. Example: "Everyone is switching to Brand X cellphones; you should too if you want to keep up with the latest technology."
These fallacies are important to recognize to avoid being misled by flawed arguments.