Final answer:
The incorrect sign of the sympathetic nervous system response is airways constrict, as the airways actually dilate during the fight-or-flight response to allow for increased air exchange.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response during stress or threatening situations. When the sympathetic nervous system is activated, physiological changes occur in the body to prepare for a rapid reaction to the stressor. These changes include:
- Pupil dilation to increase visual information.
- Stimulation of epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline), which increase blood pressure and heart rate, respectively.
- Dilation of bronchi to increase the oxygen supply to the lungs.
- Inhibited digestion, as the body diverts energy away from digestive processes.
The incorrect sign of the sympathetic nervous system response among the options given is C) airways constrict. Instead of constriction, the airways dilate to allow for increased air exchange.