Final answer:
The function that influenced the growth and layout of cities is technology. Innovations like transportation, economic activities, and urban planning have shaped urban patterns. These influences, along with electric lighting, communication, and transportation technologies, facilitated urbanization and determined city morphology.
Step-by-step explanation:
The function that has greatly influenced the size and location of cities, as well as shaped present-day urban patterns, is largely attributable to various forms of technology. As cities evolved, they required fresh water, favorable climate, technology to produce food surplus supporting non-farm populations, and strong social organization. Factors like urbanization, transportation, and economic activities have historically contributed to changes in urban settlement patterns. These changes were aided by innovations such as electric lighting, communication improvements, intracity transportation, and the rise of skyscrapers. Together, these advancements have influenced the growth and morphology of cities, catering to local needs and resources while dealing with challenges like congestion and pollution.
Influences on City Growth and Morphology
Historically, cities have been limited in size due to challenges like inadequate sewage control, limited food supply, and transportation inefficiencies. However, modern cities have grown under the influence of economic forces, such as those seen after the economic recession that affected housing prices and urban migration patterns. Moreover, technological advancements in productivity have led to the rise of urban centers, with jobs attracting workers and contributing to the diversity of urban populations.
Successful Urbanization Factors
To become successful urban centers, certain towns had to adapt and incorporate elements such as enhanced electric lighting systems, improvements in communication, efficient intracity transportation, and infrastructure innovations like skyscrapers to support a growing population. These elements also had to deal with basic urban challenges like providing fresh water and proper sanitation, which were critical for seamless urban living.