Final answer:
The enclosure movement in Europe led to urbanization, changes in agriculture, ecological impacts, and had political and economic consequences that shaped the global economy and communities worldwide.
Step-by-step explanation:
The enclosure movement that started in Great Britain had profound consequences on European society and the world at large. One of the most immediate effects was the displacement of peasants who had previously depended on communal lands for agriculture. These displaced peasants migrated to urban areas, seeking work and a place to settle, thus contributing to urbanization. In addition to social changes, enclosure led to changes in agriculture, such as improved yields and increased efficiency due to the consolidation of land. These changes in the agricultural sector subsequently spurred advancements and increased productivity in the industry. Over time, the enclosure movement also had political repercussions, influencing the rise of political and nationalistic revolutions.
The ecological consequences included the dispersal of plant and animal species across the world, an aspect of broader ecological changes due to European expansion. Economically, the rise of the global economy in the eighteenth century, a time concurrent with and impacted by the enclosure movement, had both short- and long-term repercussions, including the development of international trade routes and markets.
The trade in enslaved Africans during this time period deeply affected the communities from which they were taken, leaving long-lasting scars. This trade was intertwined with global economic developments and played a role in economic systems that took shape during and after the enclosure era.