Final answer:
Improved healthcare facilities do NOT contribute to high birth rates in poor countries; rather, they are associated with lower fertility rates due to improved maternal and infant care.
Step-by-step explanation:
Among the factors contributing to high birth rates in poor countries, improved healthcare facilities do NOT contribute to high birth rates. High birth rates in low-income countries are influenced by several factors, including lack of access to contraceptives, high infant mortality rate, which leads to more births in the hope that some children will survive, and cultural and religious beliefs that may prioritize larger families. Improved healthcare facilities tend to decrease birth rates by reducing infant mortality and improving maternal health, thus making option 4 the correct answer as it does not contribute to high birth rates. While poor healthcare systems, lack of access to education, and scarcity of birth control can perpetuate high fertility rates, better healthcare is correlated with improvements in these areas. More accessible and improved healthcare contributes to lower birth rates by providing better prenatal and postnatal care, lowering mortality rates, and facilitating family planning.