Final answer:
The statement that war and militarism primarily advance the interests of the military-industrial complex aligns with conflict theories and is supported by historical observations, such as those by Dwight Eisenhower. Thus, the statement is True.
Step-by-step explanation:
The belief that war and militarism primarily advance the interests of the military-industrial complex is often associated with conflict theories, which suggest that society is in a state of perpetual conflict due to competition for limited resources. Polish-Austrian sociologist Ludwig Gumplowicz, for example, expanded on Marx's notions, arguing that wars and conquests underpin civilizations. Dwight Eisenhower, in his farewell address, warned of potential collusion between the munitions industry, the military, and elected officials, which he termed the military-industrial complex, indicating his concern about defense contractors gaining unwarranted influence over the government.
Militarism, which is the belief in maintaining a strong military and employing it aggressively to defend or promote national interests, has been linked to a variety of dynamics like imperialism and nationalism throughout history. During the late 1800s and early 1900s, major powers such as Great Britain, France, and Germany engaged in militaristic buildups, often sparking an arms race.
True or False: The statement is True. Conflict theories and observations by figures like Eisenhower suggest that militarism often serves the interests of the military-industrial complex.