Final answer:
The Dada movement emerged in response to World War I, critiquing society and art conventions. Marcel Duchamp's readymades challenged traditional art by suggesting the idea behind art is as important as its material creation. This influenced later art movements and altered the perception of art in the 20th century.
Step-by-step explanation:
Relation of Dada Art Movement to World War I
The Dada art movement emerged directly in response to World War I, challenging established social norms and denouncing the capitalist and nationalist sentiments that underpinned the war. It was a radical protest against the conventions of art and society, favoring anarchism and irrationality as a means to critique and dismantle the status quo. Dada's irreverent works often utilized found objects and readymades, negating traditional notions of craft and artistic creation.
Marcel Duchamp’s Readymades
Marcel Duchamp's readymades critically challenged notions of what constituted art by selecting ordinary manufactured objects and re-contextualizing them within the art world without modification. These objects, such as his infamous 'Fountain’, a urinal signed 'R. Mutt', confronted the accepted criteria of originality, craftsmanship, and beauty in art.
Impact on 20th Century Art
Duchamp’s readymades had a profound impact on 20th-century art, radically altering perceptions of artistic creation. They suggested that the idea behind an artwork was as significant as the material execution, paving the way for conceptual art and significantly influencing movements such as Minimalism, Pop Art, and Fluxus, among others.