Final answer:
Well-structured problems refer to problems that have a clear set of rules and are typically addressed using algorithmic problem-solving strategies, which involve following a specific set of instructions to reach a solution.
Step-by-step explanation:
When problems have a clear set of rules, they are referred to as well-structured problems. Unlike heuristic problems, which are solved using mental shortcuts or "rules of thumb," well-structured problems can be addressed with specific procedures. An example of a well-structured problem could be a mathematical equation or a programming task, where there is a clear sequence of steps that can be followed to reach a solution.
Algorithmic problem-solving strategies are characterized by a set of instructions that must be followed exactly to achieve the desired outcome, much like a cooking recipe. This methodical approach is contrasted with heuristic strategies, which are more flexible general frameworks for solving problems. Cognitive psychology studies these problem-solving strategies within the broader context of cognition, which includes perception, learning, judgment, and memory.